Numbers

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• Numerals

  • Declension of Einn

• Declension of Tveir

• Declension of Þrír

• Declension of Fjórir

• Declension of Hundrað, Þúsund, and Milljón

• Ordinal Numbers

  • All Ordinal Numbers except Annar are declined as weak adjectives

• Declension of Annar

• Fractions

• Group Numerals (einir, tvennir...)

• Numeral Nouns (einning, tvenning...)

• Adjectives of age, height, etc.

Numerals

• Declension of Einn

• Declension of Tveir

• Declension of Þrír

• Declension of Fjórir

• Declension of Hundrað, Þúsund, and Milljón

• Back to the Numbers Menu

Einn (One)

        Singular

        M               F               N

N       einn            ein             eitt
A       einn            eina           eitt
D       einum           einni           einu
G       eins            einnar          eins


        Plural

        M               F               N

N       einir           einar           ein
A       eina            einar           ein
D       einum           einum           einum
G       einna           einna           einna

Note: Einn may also be declined like a weak adjective: hinn eini, hin eina, hið eina, etc.

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Tveir (Two)

        M               F               N

N       tveir           tvær            tvö
A       tvo             tvær            tvö
D       tveim/ur        tveim/ur        tveim/ur
G       tveggja         tveggja         tveggja

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Þrír (Three)

        M               F               N

N       þrír            þrjár           þrjú
A       þrjá            þrjár           þrjú
D       þrem/ur         þrem/ur         þrem/ur
G       þriggja         þriggja         þriggja

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Fjórir (Four)

        M               F               N

N       fjórir          fjórar          fjögur
A       fjóra           fjórar          fjögur
D       fjórum          fjórum          fjórum
G       fjögra          fjögra          fjögra

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Hundrað (a hundred), Þúsund (a thousand), and Milljón (a million)

1. When used as adjectives, these numbers are not declined except that the plural of hundrað is hundruð;

2. When used as nouns:

   • Hundrað is declined neuter;

3. Þúsund may be declined feminine like tíð or neuter like skip;

4. Milljón is always feminine.

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Ordinal Numbers

All Ordinal Numbers except Annar are declined as weak adjectives.

Declension of Annar(the second, the other)

Singular

        M               F               N

N       annar           önnur           annað
A       annan           aðra            annað
D       öðrum           annarri         öðru
G       annars          annarrar        annars


Plural

        M               F               N

N       aðrir           aðrar           önnur
A       aðra            aðrar           önnur
D       öðrum           öðrum           öðrum
G       annarra         annarra         annarra

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Fractions

Nouns denoting fractions are formed, in general, by replacing the -i ending of the ordinal number with -ungur. Half is the exception.

So, þriðji gives þriðjungur.

• helmingur (-s, -ar) - a half;

• þriðjungur - a third;

• fjórðungur - a quarter;

• fimmtungur - a fifth, etc.

Adjectives are formed from the numerals by adding -faldur (-fold).

E.g. einfaldur - single; tvöfaldur - double, etc.

Some examples of quantities involving fractions:

• hálfur - half;

• einn þriðji - one third;

• einn tíundi - one tenth;

• hálfur þriðji eða tveir og hálfur - two and a half;

• tveir sjöundu - two sevenths;

• þrír fjórðu - three quarters;

• sjö heilir og einn fjórði - seven and a quarter;

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Group Numerals

Group numerals refer to things associated in twos, threes, etc. Examples of such words include:

• einir - a pair;

• tvennir - two pairs;

• þrennir - three pairs;

• fernir - four pairs.

These words are declined like adjectives, e.g.:

einir sokkar - a pair of socks;

tvennir skór - two pairs of shoes.

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Numeral Nouns

These are akin to the English couple, dozen, score, etc., signifying certain quantities. Most are feminine in gender.

• eining or eind - one of something;

• tvenning or tvend - two of something;

• þrenning or þrennd - three of something;

• fimmt - five of something;

• tíund or tugur - ten of something, e.g. tax at the rate of 10% (the historic tax rate);

• tylft - twelve of something.

To multiply, the word sinn is used: einu sinni, tveim sinnum, and so on. Note the terms tvisvar (twice) and þrisvar (thrice).

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Adjectives of age, height, etc.

The numerical adjectives are used to describe measures such as age, height, length, depth, etc. They are:

tvítugur, þrítugur, fertugur, fimmtugur, sextugur, sjötugur, áttræður, níræður and tíræður

E.g. tvítugur, þrítugur, fertugur, tíræður - 20, 30, 40, 100 years old, metres deep, kilometers long, etc.

Examples:

• tvítugur maður - a 20-year-old man (20 ára gamall maður);

• þrítugur hamar - a 30-fathom high precipice (30 faðma hár hamar);

• sextugt dýpi - a depth of 60 fathoms (60 faðma dýpi);

• tvítugur hvalur - a 20-aln long whale (20 álna langur hvalur).

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